Precious metal catalysts: the "engine" of the organic chemical industry

Catalysis is an important step in organic chemical reactions. Precious metal catalysts change the rate of chemical reactions but do not participate in the final product of the reaction.

Precious metal catalysts occupy an extremely important position in petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, pesticide, food, environmental protection, energy, electronics and other fields.

Almost all precious metals can be used as catalysts, but commonly used are platinum, palladium, rhodium, silver, ruthenium, etc. Their d electron orbitals are not filled, the surface is easy to adsorb reactants, and they have high catalytic activity. It also has comprehensive excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and has become the most important catalyst material.

Classification of precious metal catalysts：

1. Heterogeneous catalysis

Heterogeneous catalytic reactions account for four-fifths of all catalytic reactions. Most of them are insoluble solids, and most heterogeneous catalysts are carrier-supported noble metal types, such as Pt-Rh/Al2O3, Pt-Pd/Al2O3, etc. Its main forms are metal wire mesh and porous inorganic carrier supported metal. Wire mesh catalysts (such as platinum mesh, silver mesh) have limited application scope and dosage.

2. Homogeneous catalysis

Usually soluble compounds (salts or complexes), such as palladium chloride CAS: 7647-10-1, rhodium chloride CAS: 10049-07-7, Rhodium (triphenylphosphine)carbonylacetylacetonate CAS: 25470-96-6, etc.

3. Carrier catalyst

According to the shape of the carrier, the supported catalyst can be divided into spherical, particulate, honeycomb and columnar. Of course, it can also be classified according to the main active metals in the catalyst, commonly used are: platinum catalyst, palladium catalyst and silver catalyst.

Application of precious metal catalysts

Due to its irreplaceable catalytic activity and selectivity, precious metal catalysts are widely used in downstream applications, and occupy an extremely important position in many fields such as petroleum, chemical industry, medicine, pesticide, food, environmental protection, energy, and electronics.

Below are some application examples of precious metal catalyst products：

Product name	Main application areas
Palladium chloride CAS:7647-10-1	Product catalyst, molecular sieve, preparation of surfactant for non-conductive material coating, production of gas sensitive components, etc.
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium  CAS: 14221-01-3	1. Pesticides: emamectin, boscalid, etc.;  2. New chemical materials: liquid crystal materials, OLED intermediates, etc.
Palladium (II) Acetate  CAS：3375-31-3	Antiviral drugs: oseltamivir, velpatasvir, etc.; spices, pesticides, new chemical materials, etc.
Rhodium(II) octanoate dimer  CAS: 73482-96-9	Antibiotics: Penems
Tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodiu  CAS：14694-95-2	1. API: ivermectin; 2. Pesticide:Kangkuan intermediate; 3. New material: hydrogenated nitrile rubber
Acetylacetone dicarbonyl ruthenium CAS: 14284-93-6	Pesticides: Dermatamide, etc.
DPPFPalladium dichloride  CAS：72287-26-4	Synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates and raw materials: such as ledipasvir, velpatasvir, etc.
Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride CAS: 13965-03-2	Medicine: enzyme inhibitor abiraterone, etc.; Pesticide: pinoxaden, etc.
dipotassium tetrachloroplatinate CAS：10025-99-7	Anticancer drugs: cisplatin, oxaliplatin, etc., reagents. photography.
Custer catalyst  CAS：68478-92-2	New Energy: Silicone Hydrogenation
Platinum dioxide  CAS：1314-15-4	Medicine: Tranexamic acid
Dichloro[(R)-(+)-2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl]ruthenium (II)  CAS: 134524-84-8	Medicines: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers; fragrances, etc.
Chloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)iridium(I) dimer CAS：12112-67-3	Pesticides: metolachlor sperm, etc.
Diiodo(p-cymene)ruthenium(II) dimer  CAS：90614-07-6	Medicine: Sacubitril, etc.
Pd-132  CAS：887919-35-9	New chemical materials: liquid crystal intermediates, electronic chemicals, OLED materials, etc.
Palladium on carbon catalyst (Pd/C)	1. Medicine 2. Pesticides: Indoxacarb, Kangkuan, etc.; 3. Liquid crystal intermediates; 4. New chemical materials (polyimide monomer, polyurethane monomer, chloroacetic acid, resin, etc.)
Platinum on carbon catalyst (Pt/C)	1. Pesticides: dicamba, pendimethalin, metolachlor, sulfentrazone, etc.; 2. Pigments and dyes: DCB, red-based pigments, crixetine; 3. New chemical materials: polyimide, etc.
Rhodium on Carbon Catalyst (Rh/C)	Medicine: minocycline, hydroxypiperidine, etc.
Ruthenium on Carbon Catalyst (Ru/C)	1. Medicine: aminopropanol, aminobutanol, tranexamic acid, etc.; 2. New chemical materials: bisphenol A, piperidine, etc.
Other precious metal catalysts	Refrigerants, environmental protection (wastewater treatment, exhaust gas catalytic combustion, etc.), gas purification, batteries and hydrogen energy, etc.

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